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  • 1.
    book.ebook
    Droughts in Europe and worldwide 2019-2020 [er]. European Commission. Joint Research Centre.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2021.
    Summary
    This report summarizes a year of drought events through the monitoring and forecasting activity of European (EDO) and Global (GDO) Drought Observatories, as part of the Copernicus Emergency Management Service (CEMS). The period of interest spans from October 2019 to September 2020, during which several drought events of relevance and other minor events or intense dry spells were observed.
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  • 2.
    book.ebook
    Electromagnetic emissions from mobile networks and potential effect on health [er] : preliminary study. European Commission. Joint Research Centre.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2021.
    Summary
    Radio Frequency (RF) Electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure from mobile phone networks and possible adverse health impact is an issue causing much concern among citizens and several public bodies. Despite extensive research on this subject, many questions have remained unanswered due to methodological inconsistencies and lack of data. This report provides a preliminary analysis, including a literature survey of recent government and research activities into the health impact of RF EMF exposure. This report also attempts to explore a possible relationship between RF EMFs and incidence of brain cancer based on publicly available national datasets. The preliminary results, presented in this paper do not reveal any such relationship, but more work is necessary to overcome the limitations of the existing data. The findings of the empirical study show that the level of uncertainties in the current state of art are still very high, and the report recommends pro-active initiatives, such as the collection of better quality data, standardization of experimentation protocols and collaboration between interdisciplinary research groups, that could improve the state of play. Finally, further research on the EMF exposure in mmWave frequency bands and any effects on human health (and possibly the environment) is recommended to supplement the current knowledge.
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  • 3.
    book.ebook
    Circular economy perspectives in the EU textile sector [er] : final report. European Commission. Joint Research Centre.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2021.
    Summary
    This study aims to provide information about circular economy perspectives in the management of textile products and textile waste in the European Union (EU). The report improves the understanding of current value chains in the manufacturing and retailing of apparel products in the EU and provides a detailed picture of material flows in the EU textile sector in a global context. This includes an overview of the size of the textile processing industry in the EU in terms of turnover, employment, number and size of companies, and the EU's share of the global industry. Then, an accurate picture is drawn of the volume (tonnes) and value (Euros) of new fibres, yarns, fabrics and textile products (apparel and household textiles) produced in the EU and traded with the rest of the world. This is complemented by a detailed look at the volumes of post consumer textiles available for collection, reuse and recycling in EU countries, based on available data. This mapping serves as a preview of the upcoming challenges associated with the increased collection and processing of post-consumer textiles, foreseen as a result of mandatory obligations for the separate collection of textile waste in 2025. Furthermore, it identifies needs for planning the new fibre-to-fibre recycling capacity. This study also provides information on current industrial practice in the EU for the collection, sorting and preparation of post-consumer textiles for reuse and recycling. Both currently installed and emerging technologies for the recycling of textile fabrics and apparel are mapped in order to provide a snapshot of the state of the art of available technologies that are expected to cope with the increased amount of textile waste towards 2025. The study details existing capacities for the collection and sorting of old textiles in Europe, and describes recycling technologies that are at a relatively high technological maturity level in order to estimate future sorting and recycling capacities. In order to minimise overlaps with an ongoing study commissioned by DG GROW about textile recycling technologies, the review of recycling technologies in this study mainly focuses on the core principles of each technology type and provides examples of that technology type in operation. On this basis, the challenges that exist with regard to the sorting and recycling technologies in terms of achieving a more circular economy will be addressed. With regard to the perspectives of the circular economy in the textile sector, the study collects and examines established and newly emerging circular business models that have the potential to make the value chain for the European textile and clothing market and the post-consumer textiles sector more circular. Knowledge on existing and emerging practices of repair, reuse and recycling of textile products is presented and analysed with a view to ascertaining how these activities can contribute to increasing the circular economy in the EU. This provides a basis for identifying which options show the greatest potential, and for understanding which policy interventions, if any, could help shift the textile sector towards increased circularity. The study concludes with an analysis of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) of the textiles production and consumption system in two scenarios: 1) the prevalence of a linear economy model and 2) a projected circular economy scenario. On this basis, the opportunities for and threats to the current textile sector, including the post-consumer textile collection, sorting, reuse and recycling industries, are examined in their entirety. Existing and emerging circular economy models are analysed in the same way.
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  • 4.
    book.ebook
    Revision of the EU green public procurement (GPP) criteria for computers and monitors (and extension to smartphones) [er] : technical report v3.0 : final criteria. European Commission. Joint Research Centre.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2021.
    Summary
    This report is the final science for policy report supporting the revision of the EU Green Public Procurement (GPP) Criteria for Computers and Monitors, and the extension of these criteria to Smartphones. These EU GPP Criteria aim at helping public authorities to ensure that ICT equipment and services are procured in such a way that they deliver environmental improvements that contribute to European policy objectives for energy, climate change and resource efficiency, as well as reducing life cycle costs. The revision process has taken into account market and technical developments as well as the experience gained by stakeholders in the application of the previous version of criteria. These criteria for computers, monitors, tablets and smartphones focus on the most significant environmental impacts during their life cycle, which have been divided into four distinct areas: product lifetime extension; energy consumption; hazardous substances; end-of-life management. This set of criteria also includes a further category of criteria that apply to separate procurements for refurbished/remanufactured devices and related services. For each area of focus, one or more criteria are provided, accompanied by the background technical rationale and a summary of the stakeholder contributions that support the final version of each criterion. Procurers can apply the criteria and engage tenderers to reduce the life cycle environmental impacts of their activities, focusing on those areas presenting the most improvement opportunities from cost and market perspectives and for which performance can be verified. The identified procurement processes and final green criteria are also described in a separate document, published as a Staff Working Document of the Commission: SWD(2021) 57 final. Together these two documents aim to provide public authorities with orientation on how to effectively integrate these EU GPP criteria into their procurement processes.
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  • 5.
    book
    Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) of possible concern in the aquatic environment. European Commission. Joint Research Centre.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2021.
    Summary
    For decades per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been employed in a variety of products intended for everyday use, such as cosmetics, food packaging, textiles and household products, as well as for specialised applications including mechanical components, electronics, medical devises, fire-fighting foams and biocides, which require unique chemical properties conferred by the extremely stable carbon-fluorine bond. They became a ubiquitous contaminant in different environmental matrices due mainly to intensive industrial production and inappropriate disposal. Chemical stability and mobility of PFAS have lead to their accumulation in soil, sediment, groundwater, surface water and atmosphere worldwide heavily impacting living organisms. The aim of this report is to increase the awareness of the public, scientific communities and policy makers on PFAS by providing scientific information on these “forever chemicals” and by presenting current state-of-the-art related to their presence in the aquatic environment. The report also describes initiatives under the umbrella of the European Green Deal that have been taken to mitigate the risk from PFAS as well as other actions at policy level to protect water, and indirectly human health, falling among the goals of the Water Framework Directive (WFD).
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  • 6.
    book.ebook
    Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) of possible concern in the aquatic environment [er]. European Commission. Joint Research Centre.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2021.
    Summary
    For decades per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been employed in a variety of products intended for everyday use, such as cosmetics, food packaging, textiles and household products, as well as for specialised applications including mechanical components, electronics, medical devises, fire-fighting foams and biocides, which require unique chemical properties conferred by the extremely stable carbon-fluorine bond. They became a ubiquitous contaminant in different environmental matrices due mainly to intensive industrial production and inappropriate disposal. Chemical stability and mobility of PFAS have lead to their accumulation in soil, sediment, groundwater, surface water and atmosphere worldwide heavily impacting living organisms. The aim of this report is to increase the awareness of the public, scientific communities and policy makers on PFAS by providing scientific information on these “forever chemicals” and by presenting current state-of-the-art related to their presence in the aquatic environment. The report also describes initiatives under the umbrella of the European Green Deal that have been taken to mitigate the risk from PFAS as well as other actions at policy level to protect water, and indirectly human health, falling among the goals of the Water Framework Directive (WFD).
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  • 7.
    book.ebook
    Environmental effects of plastic waste recycling [er]. European Commission. Joint Research Centre.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2021.
    Summary
    To support the EU Plastic Strategy with quantitative figures, this study estimates the potential environmental effects achieved with recycling of selected polymers that are relevant at EU market level, applying Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and building upon previous research conducted by the Joint Research Centre. The polymers investigated include Polyethylene Terephthalate (both amorphous and bottle-grade), High-density Polyethylene, Low-density Polyethylene, Polypropylene, Polystyrene, Expanded Polystyrene, Polyurethane, and Polyvinylchloride. The primary focus is on the impact category Climate Change, reflecting the effects of Greenhouse Gas emissions. Two different perspectives are considered in the analysis: i) the total system-wide effects that can be achieved when recycling is implemented in place of alternative treatment routes currently applied in the EU (waste management or system perspective) and ii) the savings attributable to the user of recycled polymer in place of an equivalent amount of virgin material (product perspective). Using recycled polymers in plastic product manufacture, GHG savings, expressed as Climate Change benefits, in the order of about 147-1 493 kg CO2-eq./t recycled polymer were quantified relative to using virgin material. At a system-wide level, GHG emission savings, expressed as Climate Change benefits, in the order of about 1 140-3 573 kg CO2-eq./t polymer waste can be achieved when one additional tonne of plastic waste is recycled in place of being sent to the alternative treatments applied today, which include a mix of incineration and landfilling. Such system-wide level savings account for both the replacement of virgin production (as in the product perspective) and the avoidance of current incineration and landfilling practices. The results of this study are highly relevant for circular economy policies related to plastics and for informing, through quantitative figures, how the circular economy can contribute to the objectives of the EU Green Deal, especially in respect to decarbonisation.
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  • 8.
    book.ebook
    High growth enterprises in the COVID-19 crisis context [er] : demographics, environmental innovations, digitalization, finance and policy measures. European Commission. Joint Research Centre.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2021.
    Summary
    High growth enterprises (HGEs) make a disproportionately high contribution to job creation and economic growth. Through their frequently innovative, technology-based character, they also can have a significant impact on industrial renewal, sectoral productivity and regional competitiveness. This report – which follows on from a previous one published just before the outbreak of the COVID- 19 pandemic (Flachenecker et al., 2020) – examines the EU’s economies through the lens of HGEs and those enterprises benefiting from venture capital investments which have the characteristics or aspiration to achieve very high rates of growth. Rather than merely updating the analyses presented last year, this report deepens some specific analyses, for instance regarding eco-innovation, digitalization and the role of HGEs in previous recessions and recoveries. It also updates and improves the indicator framework used to characterise country-specific framework conditions for HGEs and brings into the picture a range of different data sources which permit commentary and insights of relevance to the current crises context. The report also provides in an annex a series of factsheets consisting of snapshot graphs and figures – one for each of the EU27 member states - based on the analyses which are developed collectively for the EU in the main body of the report
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  • 9.
    book.ebook
    Scenar 2030 [er] : pathways for the European agriculture and food sector beyond 2020. European Commission. Joint Research Centre.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2020.
    Summary
    Analysing stylised scenarios with economic modelling tools reveals complex relations, incentives and trade-offs of the different policy instruments, in particular regarding the environmental dimension. Marginal areas of the EU are most vulnerable to drastic policy changes.
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  • 10.
    book
    Understanding the spillovers and transboundary impacts of public policies : implementing the 2030 agenda for more resilient societies. Publications Office of the European Union.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2021.
    Paris : OECD Publishing, 2021.
    Summary
    The multidimensional and intergenerational nature of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) calls for integrated policies. Progress made in a particular social, economic or environmental area or individual goal may generate synergies and trade‑offs across dimensions (spillover effects), and steps taken in one country could have positive or negative impacts beyond national borders (transboundary effects). Assessing the multidimensional and cross‑border effects of policies has become even more urgent in the context of COVID‑19 containment measures. However, there are gaps in governance and analytical tools for identifying and managing spillover and transboundary effects, posing challenges for governments in designing and implementing sustainability strategies. This book, a collaborative effort by the OECD and the European Commission‑Joint Research Centre (EC‑JRC) presents a set of new governance and analytical tools, lessons learned from country experiences, and good emerging practices for managing spillover and transboundary effects in the implementation of the 2030 Agenda.
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  • 11.
    book.ebook
    Understanding the spillovers and transboundary impacts of public policies [er] : implementing the 2030 agenda for more resilient societies. Publications Office of the European Union.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2021.
    Paris : OECD Publishing, 2021.
    Summary
    The multidimensional and intergenerational nature of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) calls for integrated policies. Progress made in a particular social, economic or environmental area or individual goal may generate synergies and trade‑offs across dimensions (spillover effects), and steps taken in one country could have positive or negative impacts beyond national borders (transboundary effects). Assessing the multidimensional and cross‑border effects of policies has become even more urgent in the context of COVID‑19 containment measures. However, there are gaps in governance and analytical tools for identifying and managing spillover and transboundary effects, posing challenges for governments in designing and implementing sustainability strategies. This book, a collaborative effort by the OECD and the European Commission‑Joint Research Centre (EC‑JRC) presents a set of new governance and analytical tools, lessons learned from country experiences, and good emerging practices for managing spillover and transboundary effects in the implementation of the 2030 Agenda.
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  • 12.
    book.ebook
    Future transitions for the bioeconomy towards sustainable development and a climate-neutral economy [er] : modelling needs to integrate all three aspects of sustainability. European Commission. Joint Research Centre.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2021.
    Summary
    The updated EU Bioeconomy Strategy aims to develop a sustainable and circular bioeconomy for Europe, strengthening the connection between economy, society, and the environment, thereby addressing global challenges such as meeting the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals and the climate objectives of the Paris Agreement. To guide policy making in the transition, knowledge and forward-looking capacities are needed. These capacities include quantitative modelling tools, which can support a better understanding of the complexity, trade-offs, and potential pathways to achieve the transition. This report (i) analyses the existing capacity and needs for an improved bioeconomy modelling to integrate all three dimensions of sustainability and (ii) provides recommendations for developing new and improved models that are better suited to assist policy making.
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  • 13.
    book.ebook
    Arctic knowledge [er] : echoes from the North : conversations with Arctic indigenous people and others concerned. European Commission. Joint Research Centre.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2021.
    Summary
    The work presented in this report aims at making a practical contribution to the study of local and traditional knowledge, exploring how ‘indigenous’ ways of observing, monitoring and governing the Arctic environment bear adaptive strategies in a changing Arctic. The report describes ongoing impacts on Arctic livelihoods through the voices of Arctic residents. It represents a contribution to a broader call for mobilising all relevant knowledge about Arctic environmental change and resilience, which impact not only Arctic inhabitants but also all populations on the planet. Based on 30 in-depth interviews with Arctic residents, along with a number of academics, EU policymakers and members of civil society organisations, the report offers valuable accounts of the participants’ (situated) knowledge, practical experience, ways of knowing and not least the world view and values Arctic residents live by. Furthermore, the report explores the interplay of traditional knowledge with scientific research practices, highlighting the key essential conditions found in successful cases of collaboration between traditional knowledge-holders and scientists. It concludes with recommendations for further action, suggesting that not seeking systematic respectful collaborations between scientists and traditional Arctic knowledgeholders is more serious than a ‘missed opportunity’; it is damaging to the broader political and ethical aspirations to resilient and sustainable governance of climate and other environmental changes
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  • 14.
    book
    Arctic knowledge : echoes from the North : conversations with Arctic indigenous people and others concerned. European Commission. Joint Research Centre.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2021.
    Summary
    The work presented in this report aims at making a practical contribution to the study of local and traditional knowledge, exploring how ‘indigenous’ ways of observing, monitoring and governing the Arctic environment bear adaptive strategies in a changing Arctic. The report describes ongoing impacts on Arctic livelihoods through the voices of Arctic residents. It represents a contribution to a broader call for mobilising all relevant knowledge about Arctic environmental change and resilience, which impact not only Arctic inhabitants but also all populations on the planet. Based on 30 in-depth interviews with Arctic residents, along with a number of academics, EU policymakers and members of civil society organisations, the report offers valuable accounts of the participants’ (situated) knowledge, practical experience, ways of knowing and not least the world view and values Arctic residents live by. Furthermore, the report explores the interplay of traditional knowledge with scientific research practices, highlighting the key essential conditions found in successful cases of collaboration between traditional knowledge-holders and scientists. It concludes with recommendations for further action, suggesting that not seeking systematic respectful collaborations between scientists and traditional Arctic knowledgeholders is more serious than a ‘missed opportunity’; it is damaging to the broader political and ethical aspirations to resilient and sustainable governance of climate and other environmental changes
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  • 15.
    book.ebook
    Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries (STECF) [er] : criteria and indicators to incorporate sustainability aspects for seafood products in the marketing standards under the Common Market Organisation (STECF-20-05). European Commission. Joint Research Centre.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2021.
    Summary
    The overall aim of the EWG 20-05 was to identify some critical aspects of sustainability of fisheries and aquaculture products (FAPs), that could be incorporated into a scoring system in order to inform consumers and actors along the supply chain. Such a system would differ from most certification and label schemes as it would not intend to establish whether a given product is sustainable or not. Thus, while the scoring would be mandatory (at least in the medium term), no absolute thresholds of sustainability apply and only a relative ranking of products is targeted. The objective is to compare the performance of seafood products, according to the set of criteria that are considered in the scoring system, with the long-term goal to incentivise improvement in both sourcing and production practises. The EWG suggests to develop the scoring system step by step, starting with a System 1 based on simple indicators for data-limited fishery and aquaculture products, while products benefiting from key additional data may allow a more reliable assessment of sustainability criteria under a System 2. The low confidence generally expected from the simple system 1 was designed to produce from low to medium scores, while considering more criteria and more robust indicators lead to a wider range of scores, potentially including the highest levels of scoring. Such a combined approach should evolve over time, potentially starting with a limited number of products rated according to System 2, and then gradually increase their proportion as more data become available. At the same time, the scoring system itself should be gradually improved, in particular on the basis of feedback from stakeholders. Provided that all stakeholders, including producers, can take ownership of the scoring tool and possibly change their practices in consequence, such a scoring approach can lead to generalizing the current good practices that are expected to progressively become the common standards. Higher environmental standards should emerge at the same time, thus becoming the new and achievable good practices. Consequently, the overall scoring approach intends to initiate and/or encourage a virtuous cycle of improvement and a continuous dynamic of progress towards less ecological and environmental impacts and higher social standards in seafood production and trade.
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  • 16.
    book.ebook
    EU Ecolabel criteria for hard covering products [er] : final technical report criteria and supporting rationale. European Commission. Joint Research Centre.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2021.
    Summary
    This report presents criteria for EU Ecolabel hard covering products, as adopted in Commission Decision (EU) 2021/76 of 16 March 2021. The criteria are presented together with supporting rationale, which was derived from a combination of scientific research and stakeholder consultation. The final criteria are the culmination of 3+ year process, which started with a scoping questionnaire released in October 2017. This was followed by the publication of a draft preliminary report and initial criteria proposals in November 2018 and subsequent revisions following two stakeholder meetings (in December 2018 and October 2019) and a final round of modifications made in July 2020. The draft documents can be consulted at the JRC project website: https://susproc.jrc.ec.europa.eu/product-bureau//product-groups/413/documents The product group applies to four main types of product sectors: natural stone, agglomerated stone, ceramics and precast concrete. A number of horizontally applicable criteria have been defined as well as sector specific criteria. Since a significant portion of environmental impacts are associated with some of the intermediate products (quarry blocks for natural stone products and cement for precast concrete products), the possibility for awarding the EU Ecolabel to these business-to-business products has been enabled. The criteria presented include mandatory requirements as well as optional requirements which can result in the awarding of points. If enough points are gained and all mandatory requirements are met, the product can be awarded the EU Ecolabel. The scoring approach allows for greater weighting to be applied to criteria associated with larger environmental impacts and also encourages continuous environmental improvement for license holders. Broadly speaking for all four product sectors, the criteria predominantly focus on: Improving energy efficiency (setting benchmarks where possible and requiring specific energy consumption reduction plans in other cases). Reducing emissions that contribute to Global Warming Potential (via CO2 emission limits for combustion-dominated or the incentivisation of renewables for electricity-dominated processes). Reducing emissions from combustion processes that contribute to acidification (SOx and NOx). Reducing dust emissions, both to the wider environment and in production facilities. Improving water efficiency via recycling of process water and reducing contamination of local watercourses via requirements on wastewater treatment. Improving material efficiency via the incentivisation of recycled content, the reuse/resale of by-products and improved extraction efficiencies. The importance of choosing the correct performance class and dimensions of hard covering products for a given use is addressed by setting requirements on fitness for use. The importance of correct installation and maintenance of hard covering products on life cycle impacts is also addressed by setting requirements on user information.
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  • 17.
    book
    Future transitions for the bioeconomy towards sustainable development and a climate-neutral economy : bioeconomy opportunities for a green recovery and enhanced system resilience. European Commission. Joint Research Centre.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2021.
    Summary
    The COVID-19 pandemic is causing an unprecedented global health crisis and socio-economic upheaval and led to severe consequences well beyond previous crises of the last decades which mostly were related to financial issues. COVID-19 caused sudden economic, psychological, and partly physical shocks to markets, societal sub-systems (e.g., education, food, health), and people. As a direct consequence, today, food security and resilience are at stake. The effects on bio-based products and bioenergy (in particular: biofuels) vary and their role in the recovery (with possible changes in customer’s behaviour) could differ as well. The linkages of the bioeconomy to post-pandemic recovery with regard to impacts and possible responses are currently being discussed by many institutions and initiatives, even though there is currently limited data on the impact of the pandemic on the bioeconomy. This report presents preliminary results based on initial analysis from the authors on knowledge synthesis on the EU bioeconomy system, trends, and perspectives of the future development towards 2030 and 2050.
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  • 18.
    book.ebook
    Future transitions for the bioeconomy towards sustainable development and a climate-neutral economy [er] : bioeconomy opportunities for a green recovery and enhanced system resilience. European Commission. Joint Research Centre.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2021.
    Summary
    The COVID-19 pandemic is causing an unprecedented global health crisis and socio-economic upheaval and led to severe consequences well beyond previous crises of the last decades which mostly were related to financial issues. COVID-19 caused sudden economic, psychological, and partly physical shocks to markets, societal sub-systems (e.g., education, food, health), and people. As a direct consequence, today, food security and resilience are at stake. The effects on bio-based products and bioenergy (in particular: biofuels) vary and their role in the recovery (with possible changes in customer’s behaviour) could differ as well. The linkages of the bioeconomy to post-pandemic recovery with regard to impacts and possible responses are currently being discussed by many institutions and initiatives, even though there is currently limited data on the impact of the pandemic on the bioeconomy. This report presents preliminary results based on initial analysis from the authors on knowledge synthesis on the EU bioeconomy system, trends, and perspectives of the future development towards 2030 and 2050.
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  • 19.
    book.ebook
    Future transitions for the bioeconomy towards sustainable development and a climate-neutral economy [er] : foresight scenarios for the EU bioeconomy in 2050. European Commission. Joint Research Centre.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2021.
    Summary
    The 2018 EU Bioeconomy Strategy aims to develop a circular, sustainable bioeconomy for Europe, strengthening the connection between economy, society, and environment. It addresses global challenges such as meeting the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set by the United Nations and the climate objectives of the Paris Agreement. A circular, sustainable bioeconomy can be a core instrument for the Green Deal in the post-COVID-19 era, making the EU more sustainable and competitive. In this context, the EC (Joint Research Centre in collaboration with DG Research and Inno-vation) created an ad-hoc external Network of Experts (NoE) through individual contracts to contribute to the EC’s Knowledge Centre for Bioeconomy with forward-looking analysis needed for exploring possible scenarios towards a sustainable, clean, and resource-efficient bioeconomy, with a focus on climate-neutrality and sustainable development. The first work package concerned knowledge synthesis and foresight. This report presents the results of a collaborative foresight process which elaborated four scenarios for the future EU bioeconomy until 2050: Scenario 1: Do it for us - proactive policy, Paris target nearly achieved (2 °C global temperature increase by 2100), no societal change (Business As Usual trend for consumption) Scenario 2: Do it together – integrative policy, Paris target fully achieved (1.5 °C global temp. increase by 2100), fundamental societal change (towards sustainable consumption) Scenario 3: Do it ourselves - societal action, Paris target missed (global temperature increase 2.5 °C by 2100), fundamental societal change (towards sustainable consumption) Scenario 4: Do what is unavoidable - reactive policy, Paris target clearly missed (3.5 °C global temperature increase by 2100), no societal change (Business As Usual trend for consumption) Finally, this report presents initial reflections on transition pathways gained from these scenarios in 2050, and insights for the future of the bioeconomy in Europe, and abroad, with a focus on implementing a circular, sustainable, and transformative BioWEconomy, not only in the EU, but globally.
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  • 20.
    book
    Future transitions for the bioeconomy towards sustainable development and a climate-neutral economy : foresight scenarios for the EU bioeconomy in 2050. European Commission. Joint Research Centre.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2021.
    Summary
    The 2018 EU Bioeconomy Strategy aims to develop a circular, sustainable bioeconomy for Europe, strengthening the connection between economy, society, and environment. It addresses global challenges such as meeting the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set by the United Nations and the climate objectives of the Paris Agreement. A circular, sustainable bioeconomy can be a core instrument for the Green Deal in the post-COVID-19 era, making the EU more sustainable and competitive. In this context, the EC (Joint Research Centre in collaboration with DG Research and Inno-vation) created an ad-hoc external Network of Experts (NoE) through individual contracts to contribute to the EC’s Knowledge Centre for Bioeconomy with forward-looking analysis needed for exploring possible scenarios towards a sustainable, clean, and resource-efficient bioeconomy, with a focus on climate-neutrality and sustainable development. The first work package concerned knowledge synthesis and foresight. This report presents the results of a collaborative foresight process which elaborated four scenarios for the future EU bioeconomy until 2050: Scenario 1: Do it for us - proactive policy, Paris target nearly achieved (2 °C global temperature increase by 2100), no societal change (Business As Usual trend for consumption) Scenario 2: Do it together – integrative policy, Paris target fully achieved (1.5 °C global temp. increase by 2100), fundamental societal change (towards sustainable consumption) Scenario 3: Do it ourselves - societal action, Paris target missed (global temperature increase 2.5 °C by 2100), fundamental societal change (towards sustainable consumption) Scenario 4: Do what is unavoidable - reactive policy, Paris target clearly missed (3.5 °C global temperature increase by 2100), no societal change (Business As Usual trend for consumption) Finally, this report presents initial reflections on transition pathways gained from these scenarios in 2050, and insights for the future of the bioeconomy in Europe, and abroad, with a focus on implementing a circular, sustainable, and transformative BioWEconomy, not only in the EU, but globally.
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