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  • 1.
    book.ebook
    Living, working and COVID-19 (Update April 2021) [er] : mental health and trust decline across EU as pandemic enters another year. European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2021.
    Summary
    This factsheet presents a selection of main findings from the latest round of the e-survey and provides a picture of how the social and economic situation of Europeans has evolved during one year of closures and restrictions. While the rapid development and rollout of vaccines across Europe gives reason to hope that the end of the pandemic is now a real possibility, delays in their delivery as well as unforeseen health risks have slowed down the vaccination process, further stalling the full re-opening of society.
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  • 2.
    book.ebook
    Involvement of social partners in policymaking during the COVID-19 outbreak [er]. European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2021.
    Summary
    Since 2016, Eurofound has closely monitored the involvement of national social partners in policymaking as part of the European Semester cycle. In 2020, the focus was on their involvement during the first months of the COVID-19 outbreak. While the pandemic has presented a huge challenge to social dialogue, the results of the analysis highlight how social dialogue can be an effective tool in shaping policy initiatives and finding solutions to emergency situations affecting businesses, workers, the economy and society. It is clear that the participation of social partners in the design and implementation of national recovery and resilience plans in 2021 will be key in the recovery process and for strengthening social dialogue going forward.
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  • 3.
    book
    Involvement of social partners in policymaking during the COVID-19 outbreak. European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2021.
    Summary
    Since 2016, Eurofound has closely monitored the involvement of national social partners in policymaking as part of the European Semester cycle. In 2020, the focus was on their involvement during the first months of the COVID-19 outbreak. While the pandemic has presented a huge challenge to social dialogue, the results of the analysis highlight how social dialogue can be an effective tool in shaping policy initiatives and finding solutions to emergency situations affecting businesses, workers, the economy and society. It is clear that the participation of social partners in the design and implementation of national recovery and resilience plans in 2021 will be key in the recovery process and for strengthening social dialogue going forward.
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  • 4.
    book.ebook
    Working conditions and sustainable work [er] : an analysis using the job quality framework. European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2021.
    Summary
    This flagship report summarises the key findings of Eurofound’s research on working conditions conducted over the programming period 2017–2020. It maps the progress achieved since 2000 in improving working conditions and examines whether all workers have benefited equally from positive change. It highlights which groups are the most at risk of experiencing poor working conditions and being left behind. Given the changes in the world of work, emerging challenges for good job quality are identified. The report also provides evidence for measures that could lead to the further improvement of work and the achievement of fair working conditions for all in the EU. The analysis shows that, overall, job quality in the EU is improving, if slowly. Not all workers are benefiting to the same extent, however. Furthermore, gender, age and contractual status have a significant bearing on a person’s working conditions. And while digitalisation helps to address some job quality issues, it also creates new challenges. The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated trends, reinforcing concerns and highlighting the importance of achieving job quality for all.
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  • 5.
    book
    Working conditions and sustainable work : an analysis using the job quality framework. European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2021.
    Summary
    This flagship report summarises the key findings of Eurofound’s research on working conditions conducted over the programming period 2017–2020. It maps the progress achieved since 2000 in improving working conditions and examines whether all workers have benefited equally from positive change. It highlights which groups are the most at risk of experiencing poor working conditions and being left behind. Given the changes in the world of work, emerging challenges for good job quality are identified. The report also provides evidence for measures that could lead to the further improvement of work and the achievement of fair working conditions for all in the EU. The analysis shows that, overall, job quality in the EU is improving, if slowly. Not all workers are benefiting to the same extent, however. Furthermore, gender, age and contractual status have a significant bearing on a person’s working conditions. And while digitalisation helps to address some job quality issues, it also creates new challenges. The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated trends, reinforcing concerns and highlighting the importance of achieving job quality for all.
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  • 6.
    book.ebook
    Long-term care workforce [er] : employment and working conditions. European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2020.
    Summary
    The long-term care (LTC) sector employs a growing share of workers in the EU and is experiencing increasing staff shortages. The LTC workforce is mainly female and a relatively large and increasing proportion is aged 50 years or older. Migrants are often concentrated in certain LTC jobs. This report maps the LTC workforce’s working conditions and the nature of employment and role of collective bargaining in the sector. It also discusses policies to make the sector more attractive, combat undeclared work and improve the situation of a particularly vulnerable group of LTC workers: live-in carers. The report ends with a discussion and policy pointers on addressing expected staff shortages and the challenges around working conditions.
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  • 7.
    book
    Long-term care workforce : employment and working conditions. European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2020.
    Summary
    The long-term care (LTC) sector employs a growing share of workers in the EU and is experiencing increasing staff shortages. The LTC workforce is mainly female and a relatively large and increasing proportion is aged 50 years or older. Migrants are often concentrated in certain LTC jobs. This report maps the LTC workforce’s working conditions and the nature of employment and role of collective bargaining in the sector. It also discusses policies to make the sector more attractive, combat undeclared work and improve the situation of a particularly vulnerable group of LTC workers: live-in carers. The report ends with a discussion and policy pointers on addressing expected staff shortages and the challenges around working conditions.
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  • 8.
    book.ebook
    Working conditions in sectors [er]. European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2020.
    Summary
    Megatrends, such as digitalisation, globalisation, demographic change and climate change, are transforming the world of work, with knock-on effects for working conditions and job quality. Against this background, this report examines working conditions and job quality from a sectoral perspective, using data from the 2015 European Working Conditions Survey (EWCS). The report first outlines the sectoral characteristics underpinning employment – economic structure, demographics, occupational level and employment status. It then goes on to focus on four main topics: changing tasks, skills, training and employability; non-standard employment and employment security; health, well-being and flexible work organisation; and employee representation and voice. Differences in working conditions arising from age, gender, occupation and education level are taken into account. According to the analysis, developing measures to address relevant issues such as skills development, job security and work intensity should be a priority for policy. The data also show that the presence of employee representation and voice is key to improving the situation of employees.
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  • 9.
    book
    Working conditions in sectors. European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2020.
    Summary
    Megatrends, such as digitalisation, globalisation, demographic change and climate change, are transforming the world of work, with knock-on effects for working conditions and job quality. Against this background, this report examines working conditions and job quality from a sectoral perspective, using data from the 2015 European Working Conditions Survey (EWCS). The report first outlines the sectoral characteristics underpinning employment – economic structure, demographics, occupational level and employment status. It then goes on to focus on four main topics: changing tasks, skills, training and employability; non-standard employment and employment security; health, well-being and flexible work organisation; and employee representation and voice. Differences in working conditions arising from age, gender, occupation and education level are taken into account. According to the analysis, developing measures to address relevant issues such as skills development, job security and work intensity should be a priority for policy. The data also show that the presence of employee representation and voice is key to improving the situation of employees.
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  • 10.
    book.ebook
    Privileg oder Notwendigkeit? [er] : das Arbeitsleben von Menschen mit mehreren Arbeitsstellen. European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, [2020], c2020.
    Summary
    Obwohl nur ein kleiner Teil der Erwerbstätigen in der EU mehr als einen Arbeitsplatz hat, ist ein besseres Verständnis dieses Phänomens sinnvoll, weil es in gewissem Grad zunimmt, Auswirkungen auf die Gesundheit und das Wohlbefinden der Arbeitnehmer haben kann und Erkenntnisse über den Arbeitsmarkt ermöglicht. Zwar kann Mehrfachbeschäftigung positive Facetten aufweisen – so kann sie beispielsweise ein Sprungbrett für die Laufbahnentwicklung sein –, doch kann sie auch unerwünschte Folgen für die körperliche und geistige Gesundheit der Arbeitnehmer haben, wenn sie sehr lange Arbeitszeiten und eine schlechte Vereinbarkeit von Berufs- und Privatleben mit sich bringt. In diesem Kurzbericht werden die Verbreitung der Mehrfachbeschäftigung in der EU, ihre Hauptmerkmale und die Arbeitsplatzqualität der von ihr betroffenen Arbeitnehmer untersucht. Eines der wichtigsten Ergebnisse ist, dass es bei der Mehrfachbeschäftigung Unterschiede zwischen Frauen und Männern gibt ist und sie sich auch in Bezug auf Alter und Einkommen erheblich unterscheidet.
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  • 11.
    book.ebook
    Privilège ou nécessité? [er] : la vie professionnelle des pluriactifs. European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, [2020], c2020.
    Summary
    Bien que la pluriactivité concerne une proportion réduite de travailleurs de l’Union, il est important de mieux comprendre ce phénomène, non seulement parce qu’il progresse graduellement, mais également en raison de ses effets potentiels sur la santé et le bien-être des travailleurs, et de ce qu’il révèle concernant le marché du travail. Si la pluriactivité peut présenter des aspects positifs, par exemple lorsqu’elle sert de tremplin à l’évolution professionnelle, elle est également susceptible d’engendrer des conséquences indésirables sur la santé physique et mentale des travailleurs lorsqu’elle s’associe à un temps de travail prolongé et à un déséquilibre entre vie professionnelle et vie privée. La présente note d’orientation vise à examiner la prévalence de la pluriactivité dans l’Union et les principales caractéristiques de cette pratique, ainsi que le niveau de qualité de l’emploi dont bénéficient les travailleurs concernés. L’une des principales conclusions de cette analyse est que la pluriactivité répond à des schémas différents pour les femmes et les hommes, et qu’elle varie considérablement en fonction de l’âge et du revenu des travailleurs.
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  • 12.
    book.ebook
    ¿Un privilegio o una necesidad? [er] : las vidas laborales de las personas pluriempleadas. European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, [2020], c2020.
    Summary
    Aunque solo un pequeño porcentaje de la mano de obra de la UE tiene más de un empleo, merece la pena comprender mejor el fenómeno, no solo porque va gradualmente en aumento, sino también por el impacto que puede tener en la salud y el bienestar de los trabajadores y por la información que ofrece sobre el mercado laboral. Si bien el pluriempleo puede tener aspectos positivos (por ejemplo, puede servir de trampolín para el desarrollo profesional), también puede tener consecuencias indeseables para la salud mental y física de los trabajadores cuando implica jornadas laborales muy largas y un deficiente equilibrio entre la vida laboral y la vida privada. El presente documento normativo examina la prevalencia del pluriempleo en la UE, sus características principales y la calidad del empleo de los trabajadores que lo realizan. Una de las principales conclusiones es que el pluriempleo es diferente para las mujeres y los hombres, y también varía considerablemente con respecto a la edad y los ingresos.
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  • 13.
    book
    Privilege or necessity? : the working lives of people with multiple jobs. European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, [2020], c2020.
    Summary
    Although a small proportion of the EU workforce holds down more than one job, it is worth understanding the phenomenon better, not only because it is growing by degrees, but also because of the impact it can have on workers’ health and well-being and what it can tell us about the labour market. While there can be positive facets to multiple-job holding – it can, for example, be a stepping stone for career development – it can also have undesirable consequences for workers’ physical and mental health if it entails very long working hours and poor work–life balance. This policy brief examines the prevalence of multiple-job holding in the EU, its main characteristics and the job quality of the workers who do it. One of the main findings is that multiple-job holding is different for women and men, and also varies significantly with age and income.
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  • 14.
    book.ebook
    Privilege or necessity? [er] : the working lives of people with multiple jobs. European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, [2020], c2020.
    Summary
    Although a small proportion of the EU workforce holds down more than one job, it is worth understanding the phenomenon better, not only because it is growing by degrees, but also because of the impact it can have on workers’ health and well-being and what it can tell us about the labour market. While there can be positive facets to multiple-job holding – it can, for example, be a stepping stone for career development – it can also have undesirable consequences for workers’ physical and mental health if it entails very long working hours and poor work–life balance. This policy brief examines the prevalence of multiple-job holding in the EU, its main characteristics and the job quality of the workers who do it. One of the main findings is that multiple-job holding is different for women and men, and also varies significantly with age and income.
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  • 15.
    book
    ¿Un privilegio o una necesidad? : las vidas laborales de las personas pluriempleadas. European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, [2020], c2020.
    Summary
    Aunque solo un pequeño porcentaje de la mano de obra de la UE tiene más de un empleo, merece la pena comprender mejor el fenómeno, no solo porque va gradualmente en aumento, sino también por el impacto que puede tener en la salud y el bienestar de los trabajadores y por la información que ofrece sobre el mercado laboral. Si bien el pluriempleo puede tener aspectos positivos (por ejemplo, puede servir de trampolín para el desarrollo profesional), también puede tener consecuencias indeseables para la salud mental y física de los trabajadores cuando implica jornadas laborales muy largas y un deficiente equilibrio entre la vida laboral y la vida privada. El presente documento normativo examina la prevalencia del pluriempleo en la UE, sus características principales y la calidad del empleo de los trabajadores que lo realizan. Una de las principales conclusiones es que el pluriempleo es diferente para las mujeres y los hombres, y también varía considerablemente con respecto a la edad y los ingresos.
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  • 16.
    book
    Privilège ou nécessité? : la vie professionnelle des pluriactifs. European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, [2020], c2020.
    Summary
    Bien que la pluriactivité concerne une proportion réduite de travailleurs de l’Union, il est important de mieux comprendre ce phénomène, non seulement parce qu’il progresse graduellement, mais également en raison de ses effets potentiels sur la santé et le bien-être des travailleurs, et de ce qu’il révèle concernant le marché du travail. Si la pluriactivité peut présenter des aspects positifs, par exemple lorsqu’elle sert de tremplin à l’évolution professionnelle, elle est également susceptible d’engendrer des conséquences indésirables sur la santé physique et mentale des travailleurs lorsqu’elle s’associe à un temps de travail prolongé et à un déséquilibre entre vie professionnelle et vie privée. La présente note d’orientation vise à examiner la prévalence de la pluriactivité dans l’Union et les principales caractéristiques de cette pratique, ainsi que le niveau de qualité de l’emploi dont bénéficient les travailleurs concernés. L’une des principales conclusions de cette analyse est que la pluriactivité répond à des schémas différents pour les femmes et les hommes, et qu’elle varie considérablement en fonction de l’âge et du revenu des travailleurs.
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  • 17.
    book
    Privileg oder Notwendigkeit? : das Arbeitsleben von Menschen mit mehreren Arbeitsstellen. European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, [2020], c2020.
    Summary
    Obwohl nur ein kleiner Teil der Erwerbstätigen in der EU mehr als einen Arbeitsplatz hat, ist ein besseres Verständnis dieses Phänomens sinnvoll, weil es in gewissem Grad zunimmt, Auswirkungen auf die Gesundheit und das Wohlbefinden der Arbeitnehmer haben kann und Erkenntnisse über den Arbeitsmarkt ermöglicht. Zwar kann Mehrfachbeschäftigung positive Facetten aufweisen – so kann sie beispielsweise ein Sprungbrett für die Laufbahnentwicklung sein –, doch kann sie auch unerwünschte Folgen für die körperliche und geistige Gesundheit der Arbeitnehmer haben, wenn sie sehr lange Arbeitszeiten und eine schlechte Vereinbarkeit von Berufs- und Privatleben mit sich bringt. In diesem Kurzbericht werden die Verbreitung der Mehrfachbeschäftigung in der EU, ihre Hauptmerkmale und die Arbeitsplatzqualität der von ihr betroffenen Arbeitnehmer untersucht. Eines der wichtigsten Ergebnisse ist, dass es bei der Mehrfachbeschäftigung Unterschiede zwischen Frauen und Männern gibt ist und sie sich auch in Bezug auf Alter und Einkommen erheblich unterscheidet.
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  • 18.
    book
    Telework and ICT-based mobile work : flexible working in the digital age. European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2020.
    Summary
    Advances in ICT have opened the door to new ways of organising work. We are shifting from a regular, bureaucratic and ‘factory-based’ working time pattern towards a more flexible model of work. Telework and ICT-based mobile work (TICTM) has emerged in this transition, giving workers and employers the ability to adapt the time and location of work to their needs. Despite the flexibility and higher level of worker autonomy inherent in TICTM, there are risks that this work arrangement leads to the deterioration of work–life balance, higher stress levels and failing worker health. This report analyses the employment and working conditions of workers with TICTM arrangements, focusing on how it affects their work–life balance, health, performance and job prospects. While policymakers in many EU countries are debating TICTM and its implications, the study finds that only a few have implemented new regulations to prevent TICTM from having a negative impact on the well-being of workers.
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  • 19.
    book.ebook
    Telework and ICT-based mobile work [er] : flexible working in the digital age. European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2020.
    Summary
    Advances in ICT have opened the door to new ways of organising work. We are shifting from a regular, bureaucratic and ‘factory-based’ working time pattern towards a more flexible model of work. Telework and ICT-based mobile work (TICTM) has emerged in this transition, giving workers and employers the ability to adapt the time and location of work to their needs. Despite the flexibility and higher level of worker autonomy inherent in TICTM, there are risks that this work arrangement leads to the deterioration of work–life balance, higher stress levels and failing worker health. This report analyses the employment and working conditions of workers with TICTM arrangements, focusing on how it affects their work–life balance, health, performance and job prospects. While policymakers in many EU countries are debating TICTM and its implications, the study finds that only a few have implemented new regulations to prevent TICTM from having a negative impact on the well-being of workers.
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  • 20.
    book.ebook
    Comment réagir aux problèmes de santé chroniques au travail? [er]. European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, [2019], c2019.
    Summary
    Le nombre de travailleurs atteints d’une affection chronique augmente dans l’Union européenne. Ces maladies affectent à des degrés divers la capacité des personnes à travailler. Certaines personnes ne sont pas en mesure de continuer à travailler, mais nombreuses sont celles qui souhaitent le faire et en seraient capables si des mesures d’adaptation étaient prises sur leur lieu de travail pour répondre à leurs besoins. Le maintien de la participation au marché du travail constitue une question clé pour les décideurs politiques dans le contexte du vieillissement démographique et de la baisse de la population en âge de travailler. La présente note d’orientation porte sur la question des maladies chroniques sur le lieu de travail dans l’UE: leur prévalence, leur incidence sur la capacité à travailler, la mesure dans laquelle les cadres de travail s’adaptent aux besoins des travailleurs atteints d’une maladie chronique et ce que cela produit comme effet à l’égard de la qualité de l’emploi. Il est constaté que la plupart des travailleurs atteints d’une maladie chronique qui limite leur capacité de travail ne bénéficient pas d’un aménagement de poste. Il est par ailleurs observé que les adaptations de ce type peuvent avoir un effet positif sur la qualité et la durabilité de l’emploi.
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