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  • 1.
    book.ebook
    Wealth distribution and social mobility [er]. European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2021.
    Summary
    This report explores the distribution of household wealth in the EU Member States and analyses the role of wealth in social mobility. Using data from three datasets (the Household Finance and Consumption Survey, the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe and the Luxembourg Wealth Study), it focuses on wealth per household member. Wealth composition is compared across social groups and countries, and the role of housing assets in wealth distribution and negative wealth is assessed. The findings show that parental background, including parental wealth, has an impact on educational and wealth mobility. In order to promote equality of opportunities in terms of access to education and housing, the impact of wealth inequalities, including differences in parental wealth, should be counterbalanced. The report also suggests that regularising wealth declaration in the EU could be a way of promoting social justice by minimising hidden wealth and combating tax evasion.
     
  • 2.
    book
    Wealth distribution and social mobility. European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2021.
    Summary
    This report explores the distribution of household wealth in the EU Member States and analyses the role of wealth in social mobility. Using data from three datasets (the Household Finance and Consumption Survey, the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe and the Luxembourg Wealth Study), it focuses on wealth per household member. Wealth composition is compared across social groups and countries, and the role of housing assets in wealth distribution and negative wealth is assessed. The findings show that parental background, including parental wealth, has an impact on educational and wealth mobility. In order to promote equality of opportunities in terms of access to education and housing, the impact of wealth inequalities, including differences in parental wealth, should be counterbalanced. The report also suggests that regularising wealth declaration in the EU could be a way of promoting social justice by minimising hidden wealth and combating tax evasion.
     
  • 3.
    book
    Upward convergence in the EU : definition, measurement and trends. European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2020.
    Summary
    The uneven impact of the 2008–2013 economic crisis on Member States brought upward convergence to the fore in EU political debates. The focus was on orienting social policy towards getting the EU back on track, as encapsulated in the European Pillar of Social Rights. However, the meaning of the concept was unclear. Eurofound filled this gap, defining upward convergence as an improvement in performance alongside a reduction in disparities among Member States in a given socioeconomic indicator. Taking this definition as a starting point, this report illustrates the different ways that upward convergence is typically measured. It also summarises convergence patterns in six important socioeconomic indicators over a decade, from the start of the economic crisis to the height of the recovery. The analysis finds that upward convergence patterns are unstable and that Member States need to strengthen their resilience in the economic and social policy domains to achieve sustainable upward convergence.
     
  • 4.
    book.ebook
    Upward convergence in the EU [er] : definition, measurement and trends. European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2020.
    Summary
    The uneven impact of the 2008–2013 economic crisis on Member States brought upward convergence to the fore in EU political debates. The focus was on orienting social policy towards getting the EU back on track, as encapsulated in the European Pillar of Social Rights. However, the meaning of the concept was unclear. Eurofound filled this gap, defining upward convergence as an improvement in performance alongside a reduction in disparities among Member States in a given socioeconomic indicator. Taking this definition as a starting point, this report illustrates the different ways that upward convergence is typically measured. It also summarises convergence patterns in six important socioeconomic indicators over a decade, from the start of the economic crisis to the height of the recovery. The analysis finds that upward convergence patterns are unstable and that Member States need to strengthen their resilience in the economic and social policy domains to achieve sustainable upward convergence.
     
  • 5.
    book
    Living, working and COVID-19. European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2020.
    Summary
    This report presents the findings of the ‘Living, working and COVID-19’ e-survey, carried out by Eurofound to capture the far-reaching implications of the pandemic for the way people live and work across Europe. The survey was fielded online, among respondents who were reached via Eurofound’s stakeholders and social media advertising. Two rounds of the e-survey have been carried out to date: one in April, when most Member States were in lockdown, and one in July, when society and economies were slowly re-opening. The findings of the e-survey from the first round reflected widespread emotional distress, financial worry and low levels of trust in institutions. Levels of concern abated somewhat in the second round, particularly among groups of respondents who were benefiting from support measures implemented during the pandemic. At the same time, the results underline stark differences between countries and between socioeconomic groups that point to growing inequalities. The results confirm the upsurge in teleworking across all countries during the COVID-19 pandemic that has been documented elsewhere, and the report explores what this means for work–life balance and elements of job quality.
     
  • 6.
    book.ebook
    Living, working and COVID-19 [er]. European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2020.
    Summary
    This report presents the findings of the Living, working and COVID-19 e-survey, carried out by Eurofound to capture the far-reaching implications of the pandemic for the way people live and work across Europe. The survey was fielded online, among respondents who were reached via Eurofound’s stakeholders and social media advertising. Two rounds of the e-survey have been carried out to date: one in April, when most Member States were in lockdown, and one in July, when society and economies were slowly re-opening. The findings of the e-survey from the first round reflected widespread emotional distress, financial worry and low levels of trust in institutions. Levels of concern abated somewhat in the second round, particularly among groups of respondents who were benefiting from support measures implemented during the pandemic. At the same time, the results underline stark differences between countries and between socioeconomic groups that point to growing inequalities. The results confirm the upsurge in teleworking across all countries during the COVID-19 pandemic that has been documented elsewhere, and the report explores what this means for work–life balance and elements of job quality.
     
  • 7.
    book.ebook
    Fortschritte bei der Konvergenz im sozioökonomischen Bereich [er]. European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, [2018], c2018.
    Summary
    Die sozioökonomische Konvergenz ist das Fundament für das europäische Projekt, und die Notwendigkeit, neben der wirtschaftlichen Konvergenz zugleich auch die soziale Konvergenz zu fördern, steht in den letzten Jahren ganz oben auf der europäischen politischen Tagesordnung. Dieser Kurzbericht vermittelt einen aktuellen Überblick über den Stand der Konvergenz in Bezug auf ausgewählte sozioökonomische Indikatoren in den Mitgliedstaaten und Regionen der EU. Aus der Studie geht hervor, dass sich die Mitgliedstaaten trotz der negativen Auswirkungen der Krise besseren sozioökonomischen Bedingungen annähern, auch wenn sich die Einkommensungleichheit innerhalb der Bevölkerung in der EU verschärft hat. In dem Kurzbericht wird auch eine denkbare politische Option für die Verbesserung der Konvergenz und die Vermeidung von Divergenz innerhalb der EU erörtert – ein europäischer Mindestlohn.
     
  • 8.
    book.ebook
    Progrès réalisés en matière de convergence dans le domaine socio-économique [er]. European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, [2018], c2018.
    Summary
    La convergence socio-économique est à la base du projet européen, et la nécessité de promouvoir tant la convergence sociale que la convergence économique s’est hissée au rang des priorités stratégiques de l’Union ces dernières années. La présente note d’orientation fournit une image actualisée de la convergence d’une sélection d’indicateurs socio-économiques dans les États membres et les régions de l’Union. L’étude conclut que les États membres convergent vers de meilleures conditions socio-économiques malgré les effets défavorables de la crise, mais que les inégalités de revenus au sein de la population de l’Union ont augmenté. Le présent document examine également une option stratégique possible visant à renforcer la convergence et à prévenir les divergences au sein de l’Union: l’instauration d’un salaire minimum européen.
     
  • 9.
    book.ebook
    Progresos en la convergencia en el área socioeconómica [er]. European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, [2018], c2018.
    Summary
    La convergencia socioeconómica subyace en la base del proyecto europeo, y la necesidad de abordar la convergencia social junto con la convergencia económica ha pasado a ocupar un lugar destacado en la agenda política europea en los últimos años. El presente resumen de políticas ofrece un panorama actualizado de una serie de indicadores socioeconómicos en los Estados miembros y las regiones de la UE. El estudio concluye que los Estados miembros están convergiendo hacia mejores condiciones socioeconómicas, pese a los efectos negativos de la crisis, aunque se ha acentuado la desigualdad de ingresos entre la población de la UE. El resumen analiza asimismo una posible opción política para reforzar la convergencia y evitar la divergencia dentro de la UE: un salario mínimo europeo.
     
  • 10.
    book
    Fortschritte bei der Konvergenz im sozioökonomischen Bereich. European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, [2018], c2018.
    Summary
    Die sozioökonomische Konvergenz ist das Fundament für das europäische Projekt, und die Notwendigkeit, neben der wirtschaftlichen Konvergenz zugleich auch die soziale Konvergenz zu fördern, steht in den letzten Jahren ganz oben auf der europäischen politischen Tagesordnung. Dieser Kurzbericht vermittelt einen aktuellen Überblick über den Stand der Konvergenz in Bezug auf ausgewählte sozioökonomische Indikatoren in den Mitgliedstaaten und Regionen der EU. Aus der Studie geht hervor, dass sich die Mitgliedstaaten trotz der negativen Auswirkungen der Krise besseren sozioökonomischen Bedingungen annähern, auch wenn sich die Einkommensungleichheit innerhalb der Bevölkerung in der EU verschärft hat. In dem Kurzbericht wird auch eine denkbare politische Option für die Verbesserung der Konvergenz und die Vermeidung von Divergenz innerhalb der EU erörtert – ein europäischer Mindestlohn.
     
  • 11.
    book
    Progrès réalisés en matière de convergence dans le domaine socio-économique. European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, [2018], c2018.
    Summary
    La convergence socio-économique est à la base du projet européen, et la nécessité de promouvoir tant la convergence sociale que la convergence économique s’est hissée au rang des priorités stratégiques de l’Union ces dernières années. La présente note d’orientation fournit une image actualisée de la convergence d’une sélection d’indicateurs socio-économiques dans les États membres et les régions de l’Union. L’étude conclut que les États membres convergent vers de meilleures conditions socio-économiques malgré les effets défavorables de la crise, mais que les inégalités de revenus au sein de la population de l’Union ont augmenté. Le présent document examine également une option stratégique possible visant à renforcer la convergence et à prévenir les divergences au sein de l’Union: l’instauration d’un salaire minimum européen.
     
  • 12.
    book
    Progresos en la convergencia en el área socioeconómica. European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, [2018], c2018.
    Summary
    La convergencia socioeconómica subyace en la base del proyecto europeo, y la necesidad de abordar la convergencia social junto con la convergencia económica ha pasado a ocupar un lugar destacado en la agenda política europea en los últimos años. El presente resumen de políticas ofrece un panorama actualizado de una serie de indicadores socioeconómicos en los Estados miembros y las regiones de la UE. El estudio concluye que los Estados miembros están convergiendo hacia mejores condiciones socioeconómicas, pese a los efectos negativos de la crisis, aunque se ha acentuado la desigualdad de ingresos entre la población de la UE. El resumen analiza asimismo una posible opción política para reforzar la convergencia y evitar la divergencia dentro de la UE: un salario mínimo europeo.
     
  • 13.
    book.ebook
    Progress on convergence in the socioeconomic area [er]. European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, [2018], c2018.
    Summary
    Socioeconomic convergence is at the root of the European project, and the need to address social convergence alongside economic convergence has risen to the top of the European policy agenda in recent years. This policy brief provides an updated picture of convergence in selected socioeconomic indicators across the EU Member States and regions. The study finds that Member States are converging towards better socioeconomic conditions, notwithstanding the negative effects of the crisis, although income inequality across the EU population has increased. The brief also discusses a possible policy option for enhancing convergence, and avoiding divergence, within the EU – a European minimum wage.
     
  • 14.
    book
    Progress on convergence in the socioeconomic area. European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, [2018], c2018.
    Summary
    Socioeconomic convergence is at the root of the European project, and the need to address social convergence alongside economic convergence has risen to the top of the European policy agenda in recent years. This policy brief provides an updated picture of convergence in selected socioeconomic indicators across the EU Member States and regions. The study finds that Member States are converging towards better socioeconomic conditions, notwithstanding the negative effects of the crisis, although income inequality across the EU population has increased. The brief also discusses a possible policy option for enhancing convergence, and avoiding divergence, within the EU – a European minimum wage.
     
  • 15.
    book.ebook
    Eurofound yearbook 2012 [er] : living and working in Europe. European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2013.
    Summary
    The EU and its citizens faced enormous challenges in 2012 as the limited economic recovery of the previous year stalled, GDP fell and unemployment began to grow again. Governments in many Member States were caught between the need to cut spending to control public debt and at the same time provide more support to citizens, including both growing numbers of unemployed people and ageing populations. The European Year for Active Ageing and Solidarity between Generations 2012 sought to promote active ageing in three areas – employment, participation in society and independent living – to address Europe’s demographic issue. At the same time, economic problems dominated. Overall unemployment reached 11% in December with youth unemployment at 23%. The poor labour market of recent years has had a particular impact on young people and the widespread phenomenon of young people not in employment, education or training (NEETs) has been recognised as a serious problem for the individuals, their states and Europe as a whole. As this yearbook on living and working in Europe 2012 describes, one of the starkest findings was the divergence between and within countries. Some Member States have suffered greatly while others have not. Higher-paid jobs have been much more resilient than low to mid-paid jobs and have grown. Groups that were already vulnerable are suffering more in the crisis and countries are diverging on quality of life measures. In some countries a substantial number of people report great difficulty in making ends meet and the countries most affected by the economic crisis have seen falling trust in public institutions, particularly national governments. Citizens report more tension between rich and poor and between racial groups. As the EU responds to the crisis and to growing divisions within Europe, Eurofound continues to work to inform, monitor and support the policymaking response.
     
  • 16.
    book
     
  • 17.
    book
     
  • 18.
    book
     
  • 19.
    book
     
  • 20.
    book