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1.

Metrics to benchmark the information content and accuracy of computer generated built up maps [er] : an analysis to support the development of built up validation procedures of the global human settlement layer. European Commission. Joint Research Centre. Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen.

Publication

Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2012.

Summary

This study tests metrics’ to benchmark computer generated built up maps for information content, geometric consistency and overall accuracy. The research was triggered by the global disaster risk community that uses built up maps as proxy variable for exposure. The tests relays on a scalable grid based system. The procedure is tested by comparing a reference map generated using photo-interpretation techniques and a target built up map derived from automatic processing of VHR imagery using texture based algorithms. The test uses imagery covering 10 x 10 km larger area of Sana’a (Yemen). The comparison is performed at multiple scales using similarity indexes to address information content of target map, landscape metrics to address geometric consistency and cross tabulation to address agreement between maps. This study showed that for the Sana’a datasets, the best matching between one texture based built up map and the reference map occurs at gridding of 25 x 25 m cell size. The procedure is flexible and can be adapted to benchmark binary maps derived from different input data and processing methods.

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2.

Laboratory tests on the coexistence between 4G TDD and 3G/4G FDD in the 1900-1920 MHz spectrum band [er]. European Commission. Joint Research Centre. Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen.

Publication

Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2012.

Summary

The available radio spectrum has become scarce in recent years due to the rapid growth of wireless communications systems and the high demand for large bandwidth services. In this context, a large number of wireless networks will coexist and operate within the same frequency bands causing large co-channel and adjacent channel interference levels among them. The aim of this work is to evaluate the interference impact on both LTE-FDD and UMTS-FDD uplink transmissions operating in the 1920 MHz channel, caused by a LTE-TDD interfering signal (base station or mobile station) which operates in the adjacent band, by means of experimental results. The measurement results show that the interference effects caused by a LTE-TDD signal operating in the 5 MHz adjacent channel of the UMTS-FDD uplink signal are minimum and, therefore, the BEM values given by ECC report 39 are respected. Conversely, experimental results illustrate that the LTE-TDD interference is very harmful to the uplink LTE-FDD received signal, leading to the conclusion that new BEM definitions must be defined to protect LTE-FDD base stations.

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3.

Pseudodynamic testing of the SAFECAST 3-storey precast concrete building [er]. European Commission. Joint Research Centre. Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen.

Publication

Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2012.

Summary

In the framework of the SAFECAST Project, a full-scale three-storey precast building was subjected to a series of pseudodynamic (PsD) tests in the European Laboratory for Structural Assessment (ELSA) at the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission. The mock-up was constructed in such a way that four different structural configurations could be investigated experimentally. Therefore, the behaviour of various parameters like the types of mechanical connections (traditional as well as innovative) and the presence or absence of shear walls along with the framed structure were investigated. The first PsD tests were conducted on a dual frame-wall precast system, where two precast shear wall units were connected to the mock up. The first test structure sustained the maximum earthquake for which it had been designed with small horizontal deformations. In the second layout, the shear walls were disconnected from the structure, to test the building in its most typical configuration, namely with hinged beam-column connections by means of dowel bars (shear connectors). This configuration was quite flexible and suffered large deformations under the design level earthquake. An innovative connection system, embedded in the precast elements, was then activated to create emulative beam-column connections in the last two structural configurations. In particular, in the third layout the connectors were restrained only at the top floor, whereas in the fourth layout the connection system was activated in all beam-column joints. The PsD test results showed that, when activated at all the floors, the proposed connection system is quite effective as a means of implementing dry precast (quasi) emulative moment-resisting frames.

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4.

Mission to the area affected by the earthquakes in the Pianura Emiliana-Padana of May-June 2012 [er]. European Commission. Joint Research Centre. Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen.

Publication

Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2012.

Summary

A field mission was conducted in the region affected by the May-June 2012 earthquakes in the Pianura Padana-Emiliana in Northern Italy. The field mission was organized to study the effects of the earthquakes mainly for what concerns prefabricated reinforced concrete industrial buildings, recognizing the important effect that the Pianura Padana-Emiliana earthquakes had on this type of structures, which caused the majority of human casualties, with no precedent in other earthquakes in Italy and Europe. Most of these buildings, designed for gravity loads only, were highly vulnerable, as they were designed prior to enforcement of the latest seismic zoning dating back to 2003 that changed the affected area from non-seismic to a low to medium seismicity level. Due to the limited duration of the mission and the difficulties in getting close to and around the damaged buildings, the quantitative evaluation as well as the technical assessments should be considered provisional. Slight damage to a motor-way bridge structure, to a new pilotis building and liquefaction in the town of San Carlo were also observed. Recommendations for the reconstruction phase and for the reduction of the vulnerability of similar existing prefabricated industrial buildings in seismic regions are proposed at the end of the report.

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5.

Global resources use and pollution. Volume 2, Country factsheets [er]. European Commission. Joint Research Centre. Institute for Prospective Technological Studies.

Publication

Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2012.

Summary

In the recent decades, the increase in the world population, the economic expansion and the globalization of the economy have led to a dramatic growth in the use of some natural resources and in the levels of pollution. These trends have coincided with a growing concern about some critical questions for the future of humankind such as resource scarcity and depletion, climate change, environmental degradation, the limits of growth or the inequalities in the access to natural resources across countries. This Pocketbook presents a series of indicators describing the evolution of the use of natural resources and the emission of air pollutants around the world, in relation to production, consumption and trade activities. Based on different analysis derived from the World Input-Output Database (WIOD), this publication includes information on 6 environmental dimensions: land use, material extraction, water use, and emission of acid substances, greenhouse gases and ozone precursors. The time frame covered is the period between 1995 and 2008, and the geographical scope includes the EU-27 Member States, Brazil, China, India, Japan, Russia, the United States of America and the Rest of the World.

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6.

CIPS II workshop on research projects financed under the CIPS specific programme [er] : workshop proceedings. European Commission. Joint Research Centre. Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen.

Publication

Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2013.

Summary

The CIPS projects are financed by DG HOME within the framework of the specific programme «Prevention, Preparedness and Consequence Management of Terrorism and other Security related risks». JRC-IPSC organizes for a second time a dedicated workshop for these projects. The audience of this workshop is composed from researchers, policy makers and national authorities. Bringing together these competences is of instrumental importance in order to steer research projects towards policy makers needs and provide to the policy makers the latest research trends in the domain of Critical Infrastructure Protection.

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7.

Commodity market development in Europe – outlook [er] : proceedings of the October 2012 workshop. European Commission. Joint Research Centre. Institute for Prospective Technological Studies.

Publication

Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2012.

Summary

This report contains a summary and the presentations of the expert workshop 'Commodity Market Development in Europe – Outlook', held in October 2012 in Brussels. The workshop was held in order to present and discuss the preliminary results of the DG AGRI outlook on EU agricultural market developments. The workshop gathered high-level policy makers, modelling and market experts and provided a forum to present and discuss recent and projected developments on the EU agricultural and commodity markets, to outline the reasons behind observed and prospected developments, and to draw conclusions on the short/medium term perspectives of European agricultural markets in the context of world market developments. Special focus was given on the discussion of the influence of different settings/assumptions (regarding e.g. drivers of demand and supply, macroeconomic uncertainties, etc.) on the projected market developments.

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8.

Overview of EU-Russia R&D and Innovation Cooperation [er] : ERA.NET RUS Scenario Validation (Foresight Background Paper). European Commission. Joint Research Centre. Institute for Prospective Technological Studies.

Publication

Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2013.

Summary

A foresight exercise is one of the central elements of the EU FP7 funded ERA.Net RUS project. The foresight exercise prepares structural and thematic scenarios for R&D and innovation cooperation between EU Member States (MS), Associated Countries (AC) to FP7 and Russia. The term structural scenario refers to institutional solutions and instruments (e.g. funding programmes) for the cooperation, whereas the term thematic scenario refers to relevant thematic priorities for the cooperation. The foresight and the resulting scenarios shall provide a basis for a sustainable joint funding programme between EU MS/AC and Russia.

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9.

ICT Sector Definition Transition from NACE Rev. 1.1 to NACE Rev. 2 [er] : a methodological note. European Commission. Joint Research Centre. Institute for Prospective Technological Studies.

Publication

Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2012.

Summary

This report provides a framework for obtaining a homogenous database on the ICT sector for period 2006-2009 after two important modifications: the movement from NACE Rev. 1.1 classification to NACE Rev. 2; and the change from the OECD 2002 definition of the ICT sector to the new OECD 2007 definition. These changes made it necessary to adjust the data used in the PREDICT reports published previously in order to obtain a set of data comparable across time and across countries.

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10.

ERAWATCH country reports 2011 [er] : Poland. European Commission. Joint Research Centre. Institute for Prospective Technological Studies.

Publication

Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2013.

Summary

The main objective of the ERAWATCH Annual Country Reports is to characterise and assess the performance of national research systems and related policies in a structured manner that is comparable across countries. EW Country Reports 2011 identify the structural challenges faced by national innovation systems. They further analyse and assess the ability of the policy mix in place to consistently and efficiently tackle these challenges. The annex of the reports gives an overview of the latest national policy efforts towards the enhancement of European Research Area and further assess their efficiency to achieve the targets. These reports were originally produced in November - December 2011, focusing on policy developments over the previous twelve months. The reports were produced by the ERAWATCH Network under contract to JRC-IPTS. The analytical framework and the structure of the reports have been developed by the Institute for Prospective Technological Studies of the Joint Research Centre (JRC-IPTS) and Directorate General for Research and Innovation with contributions from ERAWATCH Network Asbl.

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11.

Analysis of current and potential sensor network technologies and their incorporation as embedded structural system [er]. European Commission. Joint Research Centre. Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen.

Publication

Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2013.

Summary

This document provides a brief overview of the actual wireless ad hoc sensor networks technologies and standards available, especially in view of their possible implementation for shipping container protection and monitoring within the framework of the STEC Action aiming at analyzing possible technical solutions to improve the security of the millions of containers moving in and out of Europe. Examples of applications and research projects are reported from the literature to give insights on the possibility of implementation of wireless sensor networks in real world scenarios.

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12.

MIMYCS [er] : a framework for simulating maize kernels mycotoxin contamination in Europe. European Commission. Joint Research Centre. Institute for Environment and Sustainability.

Publication

Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2013.

Summary

Mycotoxins are toxic compounds, produced by fungi and recognized as the main cause of chronic intoxications in the world. Maize is one of the crops subjected to the most critical mycotoxin problems throughout the world. Mycotoxin contamination in maize grain is the result of a complex plant pathosystem composed of maize plants, toxigenic fungi and insect borers. Warming of the climate system could have an important impact on the system, leading to mycotoxin contamination in grain maize and the potential effects are very difficult to foresee. The project MIMYCS has aimed at the development of a simulation model system to simulate at EU scale mycotoxin contamination in maize grain in different climatic, environmental and agro-management situations. The MIMYCS model system has been developed as composed by three main model components: i) MIMYCS.Maize, which integrates the crop model CropSyst and simulates maize phenological development and moisture in kernels during their development and maturation, ii) MIMYCS.Borers simulating two maize borers (Ostrinia nubilalis and Sesamia nonagrioides) phenological development and their damage to the ear, enhancing fungi growth and development, iii) MIMYCS.Fungi simulating fungi development and their interactions, using information received from Maize and the Borers modules. Finally, the MIMYCS simulation system, can quantify the risk of mycotoxin (aflatoxins, fumonisins, deoxynivalenol) contamination in maize grain. As a first application, MIMYCS has been used to predict and evaluate the effect of climate change on maize grain mycotoxin contamination in Europe. Future applications of MIMYCS will include its use as a decision support system to manage mycotoxin contamination during the field phase. During the development of the project training activity have included: i) process-based modelling and biophysical model framework development, ii) basic concepts of insect pest population dynamics modelling iii) object-oriented and component-oriented programming with C#, iv) writing of scientific papers, v) project management, vi) agrometeorological analysis and crop forecast, vii) writing of project proposals.

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13.

The certification of the absorbed energy (30 J nominal) of Charpy V-notch reference test pieces [er] : certified reference material ERM-FA013bj. European Commission. Joint Research Centre. Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements.

Publication

Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2012.

Summary

This certification report describes the processing and characterisation of ERM®-FA013bj, a batch of Charpy V-notch certified reference test pieces certified for the absorbed energy (KV). Sets of five of these test pieces are used for the verification of pendulum impact test machines according to ISO 148-2 (Metallic materials - Charpy pendulum impact test – Part 2: Verification of testing machines [1]). The absorbed energy (KV) is procedurally defined and refers to the impact energy required to break a V-notched test piece of standardised dimensions, as defined in ISO 148-1 [2]. The certified value of ERM-FA013bj is made traceable to the SI, via the SI-traceable certified value of the master batch ERM-FA013ba, by testing samples of ERM-FA013bj and ERM-FA013ba under repeatability conditions on an impact pendulum verified and calibrated with SI-traceably calibrated tools. The certified value is valid only for strikers with a 2 mm tip radius. The certified value is valid at (20 ± 2) °C.

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14.

IMEP-36, determination of total Cd, Pb, As, Hg and Sn in feed premixes [er] : interlaboratory comparison report, December 2012. European Commission. Joint Research Centre. Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements.

Publication

Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2012.

Summary

This report presents the results of the proficiency test IMEP-36 which focused on the determination of total Cd, Pb, As, Hg and Sn in feed premixes according to Directive 2002/32/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on undesirable substances in animal feed. Fifty laboratories from 22 countries registered to the exercise of which 45 reported results and answered the respective questionnaire. Laboratories were asked to perform two or three independent measurements and to report the mean, the associated uncertainty, the coverage factor of the associated uncertainty and the technique used to perform the measurements. Laboratory results were rated using z- and ζ-scores (zeta-scores) in accordance with ISO 13528. The assigned values (Xref) for the measurands were determined as the mean of the values reported by two expert laboratories both of them National Metrology Institutes (NMI). The results obtained by the participants were optimum in the case of total Cd and less satisfactory for total As and total Pb. For total Sn 16 participants reported results, from which one third scored satisfactorily. Twenty one participants reported results for total Hg although, the expert laboratories reported that the mass fraction for that measurand was below their limit of detection. Hence, no scoring was provided for total Hg.

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15.

EU R&D Scoreboard [er] : the 2012 EU industrial R&D investment scoreboard. European Commission. Joint Research Centre. Institute for Prospective Technological Studies.

Publication

Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2013.

Summary

The EU Industrial R&D Investment Scoreboard is published annually by the European Commission (DG Research and Innovation and Joint Research Centre). The 2012 Scoreboard is based on a sample of 1500 companies, the world's top investors in R&D and representing equivalent to almost 90% of the total expenditure on R&D by businesses worldwide. It measures the total value of their global R&D investment financed with their own funds, irrespective of the location where the relevant R&D takes place. Out of the 1500 companies, 405 are based in the EU, 503 in the US, 296 in Japan and 296 in the rest of the world including Switzerland, South Korea, China, India and 23 other countries. Each of the Scoreboard companies invested more than EUR 35 million in R&D in 2011.

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16.

ERAWATCH country reports 2011 [er] : Denmark. European Commission. Joint Research Centre. Institute for Prospective Technological Studies.

Publication

Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2013.

Summary

The main objective of the ERAWATCH Annual Country Reports is to characterise and assess the performance of national research systems and related policies in a structured manner that is comparable across countries. EW Country Reports 2011 identify the structural challenges faced by national innovation systems. They further analyse and assess the ability of the policy mix in place to consistently and efficiently tackle these challenges. The annex of the reports gives an overview of the latest national policy efforts towards the enhancement of European Research Area and further assess their efficiency to achieve the targets. These reports were originally produced in November - December 2011, focusing on policy developments over the previous twelve months. The reports were produced by the ERAWATCH Network under contract to JRC-IPTS. The analytical framework and the structure of the reports have been developed by the Institute for Prospective Technological Studies of the Joint Research Centre (JRC-IPTS) and Directorate General for Research and Innovation with contributions from ERAWATCH Network Asbl.

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17.

ERAWATCH country reports 2011 [er] : Norway. European Commission. Joint Research Centre. Institute for Prospective Technological Studies.

Publication

Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2013.

Summary

The main objective of the ERAWATCH Annual Country Reports is to characterise and assess the performance of national research systems and related policies in a structured manner that is comparable across countries. EW Country Reports 2011 identify the structural challenges faced by national innovation systems. They further analyse and assess the ability of the policy mix in place to consistently and efficiently tackle these challenges. The annex of the reports gives an overview of the latest national policy efforts towards the enhancement of European Research Area and further assess their efficiency to achieve the targets. These reports were originally produced in November - December 2011, focusing on policy developments over the previous twelve months. The reports were produced by the ERAWATCH Network under contract to JRC-IPTS. The analytical framework and the structure of the reports have been developed by the Institute for Prospective Technological Studies of the Joint Research Centre (JRC-IPTS) and Directorate General for Research and Innovation with contributions from ERAWATCH Network Asbl.

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18.

Best available techniques (BAT) reference document for the manufacture of glass [er] : industrial emissions Directive 2010/75/EU: integrated pollution prevention and control. European Commission. Joint Research Centre. Institute for Prospective Technological Studies.

Publication

Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2013.

Summary

The BREF entitled ‘Manufacture of Glass’ forms part of a series presenting the results of an exchange of information between EU Member States, the industries concerned, nongovernmental organisations promoting environmental protection, and the Commission, to draw up, review, and where necessary, update BAT reference documents as required by Article 13(1) of the Directive. This document is published by the European Commission pursuant to Article 13(6) of the Directive. This BREF for the glass manufacturing industry covers the following activities specified in Annex I to Directive 2010/75/EU, namely: activity 3.3: Manufacture of glass including glass fibre with a melting capacity exceeding 20 tonnes per day ; activity 3.4: Melting mineral substances including the production of mineral fibres with a melting capacity exceeding 20 tonnes per day. The document also covers non-melting activities and downstream processes that may be directly associated to these activities and carried out on the same site. Important issues for the implementation of Directive 2010/75/EU in the manufacturing of glass are the reduction of emissions to air; efficient usage of energy and raw materials; minimisation, recovery and recycling of process residues; as well as an effective implementation of environmental and energy management systems. The BREF document contains eight chapters. Chapters 1 and 2 provide general information on the glass manufacturing industry and on the industrial processes and techniques used within this sector. Chapter 3 provides data and information concerning the environmental performance of installations in terms of current emissions, consumptions of raw materials, water and energy, generation of waste. Chapter 4 describes the techniques to prevent or reduce the environmental impact of installations in this sector. In Chapter 5 the BAT conclusions, as defined in Article 3(12) of the Directive, are presented for the eight sectors of the glass industry: container glass, flat glass, continuous filament glass fibre, domestic glass, special glass, mineral wool, high temperature insulation wool, frits.

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19.

ERAWATCH country reports 2011 [er] : Luxembourg. European Commission. Joint Research Centre. Institute for Prospective Technological Studies.

Publication

Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2013.

Summary

The main objective of the ERAWATCH Annual Country Reports is to characterise and assess the performance of national research systems and related policies in a structured manner that is comparable across countries. EW Country Reports 2011 identify the structural challenges faced by national innovation systems. They further analyse and assess the ability of the policy mix in place to consistently and efficiently tackle these challenges. The annex of the reports gives an overview of the latest national policy efforts towards the enhancement of European Research Area and further assess their efficiency to achieve the targets. These reports were originally produced in November - December 2011, focusing on policy developments over the previous twelve months. The reports were produced by the ERAWATCH Network under contract to JRC-IPTS. The analytical framework and the structure of the reports have been developed by the Institute for Prospective Technological Studies of the Joint Research Centre (JRC-IPTS) and Directorate General for Research and Innovation with contributions from ERAWATCH Network Asbl.

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20.

ERAWATCH country reports 2011 [er] : Bulgaria. European Commission. Joint Research Centre. Institute for Prospective Technological Studies.

Publication

Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2013.

Summary

The main objective of the ERAWATCH Annual Country Reports is to characterise and assess the performance of national research systems and related policies in a structured manner that is comparable across countries. EW Country Reports 2011 identify the structural challenges faced by national innovation systems. They further analyse and assess the ability of the policy mix in place to consistently and efficiently tackle these challenges. The annex of the reports gives an overview of the latest national policy efforts towards the enhancement of European Research Area and further assess their efficiency to achieve the targets. These reports were originally produced in November - December 2011, focusing on policy developments over the previous twelve months. The reports were produced by the ERAWATCH Network under contract to JRC-IPTS. The analytical framework and the structure of the reports have been developed by the Institute for Prospective Technological Studies of the Joint Research Centre (JRC-IPTS) and Directorate General for Research and Innovation with contributions from ERAWATCH Network Asbl.

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