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  • 1.
    book.ebook
    Template for an accommodation information note [er]. European Asylum Support Office.
    Publication
    [Luxembourg] : [Publications Office], [2021], c2021.
    Summary
    Once the resettlement country has identified the place where the selected refugees will be accommodated upon arrival, they can convey specific information related to the accommodation for resettled refugees. The purpose of this document is to spell out important information relating to accommodation that may be shared with refugees in advance of their arrival.
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  • 2.
    book
    Towards a European strategy on business-to-government data sharing for the public interest : final report prepared by the High-Level Expert Group on Business-to-Government Data Sharing. European Commission. Directorate-General for Communications Networks, Content and Technology.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2020.
    Summary
    The challenges our society currently faces, ranging from natural disasters to traffic congestion, are of a scale and complexity that traditional policy tools cannot always address. However, today’s digital revolution offers several innovative tools that can be used by governments in providing for the general welfare of their people. Data is one of these, and its potential to not only provide for new scientific insights, but also to inform policymaking and deliver better public services to the people is invaluable. If used effectively, data can become an enabler for a better society and a more efficient public sector. Yet, much of the potential for data and its insights to be used for the benefit of society remains untapped. Not only because the vast majority of data is in the hands of the private sector, but also because the public sector does not seem ready to realise the full potential of data. Due to organisational, technical and legal obstacles (as well as an overall lack of a data-sharing culture) business-to-government (B2G) data-sharing partnerships are still largely isolated, short-term collaborations. This report provides a detailed overview of these barriers and proposes a comprehensive framework of policy, legal and funding recommendations to enable scalable, responsible and sustainable B2G data sharing for the public interest.
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  • 3.
    book.ebook
    Towards a European strategy on business-to-government data sharing for the public interest [er] : final report prepared by the High-Level Expert Group on Business-to-Government Data Sharing. European Commission. Directorate-General for Communications Networks, Content and Technology.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2020.
    Summary
    The challenges our society currently faces, ranging from natural disasters to traffic congestion, are of a scale and complexity that traditional policy tools cannot always address. However, today’s digital revolution offers several innovative tools that can be used by governments in providing for the general welfare of their people. Data is one of these, and its potential to not only provide for new scientific insights, but also to inform policymaking and deliver better public services to the people is invaluable. If used effectively, data can become an enabler for a better society and a more efficient public sector. Yet, much of the potential for data and its insights to be used for the benefit of society remains untapped. Not only because the vast majority of data is in the hands of the private sector, but also because the public sector does not seem ready to realise the full potential of data. Due to organisational, technical and legal obstacles (as well as an overall lack of a data-sharing culture) business-to-government (B2G) data-sharing partnerships are still largely isolated, short-term collaborations. This report provides a detailed overview of these barriers and proposes a comprehensive framework of policy, legal and funding recommendations to enable scalable, responsible and sustainable B2G data sharing for the public interest.
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  • 4.
    book.ebook
    Balancing access to opioid substitution treatment with preventing the diversion of opioid substitution medications in Europe [er] : challenges and implications. European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2021.
    Summary
    Opioid use and its consequences represent a serious global public health concern, with high levels of opioid-related deaths. Compelling scientific evidence has been accumulated over recent decades regarding the benefits of opioid substitution treatment (OST) in treating opioid dependence and in ameliorating its associated health and social consequences. It is estimated that in 2018 nearly half of the 1.3 million high-risk opioid users in the European Union were receiving this treatment. However, recent years have seen increasing debate about the worrying levels of diversion and misuse of OST medications, which appear to be playing an increasing role in the European drug problem. For example, nearly 15 % of clients entering specialised drug treatment for an opioid problem in recent years in the European Union, Norway and Turkey sought treatment for problems associated with the misuse of an OST medication. Available European data indicate that diverted prescription OST medications originate principally from domestic supplies. In Europe, the primary sources for high-risk opioid users to acquire OST medications for non-medical use are friends and family (who generally obtain them through legitimate medical supply), drug dealers and their own legitimate medical prescriptions. Cross-border trafficking and the internet appear to play a lesser role in supply. The large majority of individuals misusing prescription OST medications in the European Union are long-term high-risk opioid users with a history of opioid dependence and past treatment experiences. Two out of three treatment entrants for primary methadone misuse reported having been in OST before. According to European studies, not being in OST remains, however, one of the most important factors in the misuse of prescription OST medications and, in this case, OST medications may be used primarily for self-medication purposes. Clearly, it is a challenge for, but also a responsibility of, the stakeholders involved in the provision of OST to ensure the availability and accessibility of this effective treatment while developing and implementing effective anti-diversion policies. To improve our understanding of the underlying factors associated with the increasing levels of misuse of OST medications in Europe, the current report analyses various dimensions of the history, availability, diversion and misuse of OST medications in European countries. The objective is to explore, at a systemic level, the relationship between these dimensions and to identify potential implications for policy and practice at national and European levels.
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  • 5.
    book.ebook
    The new information architecture as a driver for efficiency and effectiveness in internal security [er] : eu-LISA annual conference : 16 October 2019 Tallinn, Estonia, summary. European Agency for the Operational Management of Large-Scale IT Systems in the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice.
    Publication
    [Luxembourg] : [Publications Office], [2019], c2019.
    Summary
    The sixth eu-LISA annual conference “The New Information Architecture as a Driver for Efficiency and Effectiveness in Internal Security” was organised by eu-LISA under the auspices of Finland’s Presidency of the Council of the European Union, in Tallinn, Estonia. The event was the first to take place since the provision of an extended mandate to the Agency through the approval of the new eu-LISA regulation. The enlarged mandate provides for the development of several new large-scale IT systems – the Entry-Exit System (EES), European Travel Information and Authorisation System (ETIAS) and the European Criminal Records Information System for Third Country Nationals (ECRIS-TCN) – as well as the implementation of interoperability. Together, the new capabilities and the new approach to data organisation and information provision constitute a new information architecture at EU level. As the Agency embarks on the elaboration of this architecture, working closely with Members States, EU Agencies and the wider stakeholder community, the time is right to reflect on how work can be best carried out and to define milestones that best fulfil the stated goals of improving the efficiency and effectiveness of internal security related activities. By convening over 180 delegates and providing a forum for debate and discussion, the conference brought an important contribution to these efforts to define optimal future outcomes. Discussions focused on the future of internal security and opportunities presented by the new information architecture, the specific future roles of current and new IT systems in the Justice and Home Affairs domain, and the effect of digitalisation and the overall information ecosystem being created on law enforcement and border management activities. The main conclusion drawn from the conference is that the consolidation of large-scale IT systems will lead to better possibilities to examine data together and take information management to the next level. Furthermore, applying machine learning and artificial intelligence capabilities can help derive better insight from system data in the future. These goals, however, can only be reached in close cooperation and engagement between the EU Agencies, Member States, and all other relevant stakeholders. eu-LISA looks forward to playing a critical role in the enhancement of EU internal security in the coming years through offering high quality and highly effective technological solutions!
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  • 6.
    book.ebook
    Disruption durch Technologien [er] : Auswirkungen auf Politik, Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft. European Parliament. Directorate-General for Parliamentary Research Services.
    Publication
    [Brussels] : [European Parliament], [2020], c2020.
    Summary
    Die technologische Entwicklung wird seit Langem als disruptive Kraft angesehen, die auf vielen Ebenen, von täglichen Routineaktivitäten des Einzelnen bis hin zum erbitterten Konkurrenzkampf zwischen globalen Supermächten, Veränderungen hervorruft. In dieser Analyse werden die durch Technologien verursachten Disruptionen in einer Reihe von Schlüsselbereichen von Politik, Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft untersucht. Der Schwerpunkt der Analyse liegt auf sieben Bereichen: auf dem Wirtschaftssystem, auf dem Militär und der Verteidigung, auf demokratischen Debatten und der „Infosphäre“, auf gesellschaftlichen Normen, Werten und Identitäten, auf internationalen Beziehungen sowie auf den rechtlichen und regulatorischen Rahmenbedingungen. Es wird die Überwachung als ein Beispiel dafür vorgestellt, wie technologische Disruptionen in diesen Bereichen zusammenwirken können, um so andere Phänomene voranzutreiben. Die bedeutendste disruptive Kraft des Jahres 2020 ist jedoch nicht technologischer Natur, sondern das Coronavirus. Die Pandemie wird hier als Gelegenheit genutzt, um zu untersuchen, wie technologische Disruption mit anderen Formen der Disruption interagiert.
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  • 7.
    book.ebook
    Technologies de rupture [er] : incidences sur la vie politique, l'économie et la société. European Parliament. Directorate-General for Parliamentary Research Services.
    Publication
    [Brussels] : [European Parliament], [2020], c2020.
    Summary
    Depuis longtemps, l’évolution des technologies est considérée comme une force de rupture, qui induit des transformations à différents niveaux, depuis les activités quotidiennes routinières des individus jusqu’à la spectaculaire concurrence entre les superpuissances mondiales. Cette analyse examine les ruptures amenées par la technologie dans divers domaines clés de la politique, de l’économie et de la société. Elle aborde sept aspects: le système économique, les activités militaires et la défense, le débat démocratique et l’«infosphère», les normes, valeurs et identités sociales, les relations internationales et le système juridique. Elle présente également la surveillance comme un exemple de la manière dont les bouleversements technologiques de ces divers domaines peuvent converger pour induire d’autres phénomènes. Le facteur à l’origine de la plus grande rupture de 2020 n’est pas d’ordre technologique: c’est le coronavirus. La pandémie sert ici de matière à l’examen des interactions entre les ruptures technologiques et d’autres formes de ruptures.
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  • 8.
    book.ebook
    Financial intermediation and technology [er] : what’s old, what’s new? European Central Bank.
    Publication
    [Frankfurt am Main] : [European Central Bank], [2020], c2020.
    Summary
    We study the effects of technological change on financial intermediation, distinguishing between innovations in information (data collection and processing) and communication (relationships and distribution). Both follow historic trends towards an increased use of hard information and less inperson interaction, which are accelerating rapidly. We point to more recent innovations, such as the combination of data abundance and artificial intelligence, and the rise of digital platforms. We argue that in particular the rise of new communication channels can lead to the vertical and horizontal disintegration of the traditional bank business model. Specialized providers of financial services can chip away activities that do not rely on access to balance sheets, while platforms can interject themselves between banks and customers. We discuss limitations to these challenges, and the resulting policy implications.
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  • 9.
    book
    Technology and democracy : understanding the influence of online technologies on political behaviour and decision-making. European Commission. Joint Research Centre.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2020.
    Summary
    Drawing from many disciplines, the report adopts a behavioural psychology perspective to argue that “social media changes people’s political behaviour”. Four pressure points are identified and analysed in detail: the attention economy; choice architectures; algorithmic content curation; and mis/disinformation. Policy implications are outlined in detail.
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  • 10.
    book.ebook
    Technology and democracy [er] : understanding the influence of online technologies on political behaviour and decision-making. European Commission. Joint Research Centre.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2020.
    Summary
    Drawing from many disciplines, the report adopts a behavioural psychology perspective to argue that “social media changes people’s political behaviour”. Four pressure points are identified and analysed in detail: the attention economy; choice architectures; algorithmic content curation; and mis/disinformation. Policy implications are outlined in detail.
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  • 11.
    book.ebook
    From regulation to adoption [er] : the drivers of data sharing. Publications Office of the European Union.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2020.
    Summary
    Data sharing and re-use have been at the crux of European policy for more than two decades now. The European data market has been estimated in EUR 59.5 billion in 2016 and overall value growth from EUR 247 billion in 2013 to almost EUR 300 billion in 2016. As a result, it has been the protagonist of different European policy activities trying to deliver the promises of such a growing and increasingly valuable market where studies have predicted a compound annual growth rate of 15.7% since 2016. A heterogeneous package of European policy measures that seek to generate a European data market and facilitate data flows within and across sectors in Europe have been pursued (European Commission, 2020). These measures can be divided into open data and data sharing measures; that is provisions for opening up data indiscriminately and thus promoting minimum restrictions and costs to access to data (open data); or provisions for ensuring access to specific entities to data (data sharing). As opposed to open data, data sharing is defined by the provision of restricted data to restricted entities (organisations or individuals). For both cases, regulatory and non-regulatory measures have been adopted, with different rates of success. The overall results of such policy initiatives are uneven, and the implementation has proven challenging. Ultimately, what emerges from the uneven compliance and the different efficacy of the policy measures is that regulation is not enough to induce data opening and sharing. To explore the factors behind governmental compliance towards data sharing and open data regulation, the present study implements a comparative analysis of: 1. The different commitment to open data at the sub-national level (i.e. local government) where similar municipalities in their region of Lombardia (Italy) diverge in their actions towards open data; and 2. The different commitment towards data sharing by two comparable public agencies in the Oil and Gas industry in two different countries: The Netherlands and Norway. The results show that for the open data domain, economic incentives, coordination with business suppliers and policy leadership accompanied with technical guidance explained the decision of Italian municipalities in Lombardia - and in particular for the smallest ones in terms of population - to open up their data. Besides such regional programme support, which was instrumental, the case of Pavia also powerfully shows the virtuous cycle between civil servant enthusiasm for publishing data, the impact on the quality of data, services being developed, and thus the effect on data re-use.
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  • 12.
    book.ebook
    Disruption by technologies [er] : impacts on politics, economics and society : in-depth analysis. European Parliament. Directorate-General for Parliamentary Research Services.
    Publication
    [Brussels] : [European Parliament], [2020], c2020.
    Summary
    Technological development has long been considered as a disruptive force, provoking change at many levels, from the routine daily activities of individuals to dramatic competition between global superpowers. This analysis examines disruption caused by technologies in a series of key areas of politics, economics and society. It focuses on seven fields: the economic system, the military and defence, democratic debates and the 'infosphere', social norms, values and identities, international relations, and the legal and regulatory system. It also presents surveillance as an example of how technological disruption across these domains can converge to propel other phenomena. The key disruptive force of 2020 is non-technological, namely coronavirus. The pandemic is used here as an opportunity to examine how technological disruption interacts with other forms of disruption.
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  • 13.
    book.ebook
    Re-use of PSI in the public sector [er]. Publications Office of the European Union.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2020.
    Summary
    Having the right information available is crucial to solve problems. The public sector generates and stores valuable information in form of data. When made open, the data is available to anyone for reuse, including public organisations themselves. Re-using the data helps to develop insight, services or products. Thereby public organisations can improve efficiency of internal processes, service delivery and data-driven decision making, which supports better policies and therefore positively affects society. The Directive on Public Sector Information (PSI) defines which data should be re-usable and under what conditions. Although there are more and more datasets open, public organisations are not yet exploiting the benefits of their re-use. The report explores barriers for PSI re-use in the public sector. The identified barriers are grouped in three categories: 1. Supply-demand gap in PSI publishing ; 2. Lack of awareness of PSI availability and benefits ; 3. Insufficient management of capabilities. A common root cause of barriers to PSI re-use is a lack of knowledge exchange and insufficient management of processes and capabilities. Solutions to overcome the barriers follow three main approaches: 1. Building a data sharing culture ; 2. Enabling PSI re-users in the public sector ; 3. Establishing the organisational capability for PSI re-use. A set of eight steps to become a successful PSI re-user in the public sector concludes the report.
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  • 14.
    book.ebook
    Business-to-government data sharing [er]. Publications Office of the European Union.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2020.
    Summary
    Data sharing is a key enabler of growth, employment and competitiveness for Europe, as well as for the Digital Single Market envisaged by the European Union. The non-rivalrous nature of data, combined with technological innovations such as the availability of big data analysis and artificial intelligence applications, enable maximising the value of data. Re-using data can save costs, time and lives. The benefits from data re-use are not only reserved to the private sector. In fact, to become more cost-efficient and to provide effective services for citizens, public sector bodies can benefit greatly from data sharing and need to exploit the potential of new data sources. Data can be sourced from the private sector, academia, NGOs or the public sector itself. Much of the data generated in the public sector is already made open for re-use, encouraged by the Directive on Public Sector Information. However, there is also data that cannot be made open because of sensitivity or confidentiality. It is common to find cases of this in the private sector, for all of those data sets that describe the customer in industries such as telecommunications, transport, car manufacturing and services, retail and health. This data can, for example, be generated by: the Internet of Things (e.g. the data collected by your car’s onboard computer as you drive), IT systems supporting logistics and services (e.g. payment card transaction data), websites and social media platforms, as they monitor their users’ activity (e.g. search engine usage). Despite the fact that this privately-held data cannot always be made open, it can still provide insight into behavioural patterns of citizens and businesses across social, political, historical or environmental factors.
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  • 15.
    book.ebook
    Final assessment of the EU drugs strategy 2013 [er] : 2020 and the EU action plan on drugs 2017 - 2020 : annexes. European Commission. Directorate-General for Migration and Home Affairs.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2020.
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  • 16.
    book.ebook
    Final assessment of the EU drugs strategy 2013 [er] : 2020 and the EU action plan on drugs 2017 - 2020 : final report. European Commission. Directorate-General for Migration and Home Affairs.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2020.
    Summary
    The EU Drugs Strategy 2013-2020 was adopted in December 2012 and sets out the vision and aims of the European Union’s drug policy. The Strategy is organised around two policy fields (drug demand and supply reduction) and three cross-cutting themes (coordination, international cooperation, and information, research, monitoring and evaluation). The aim of the Strategy is to contribute to a reduction in drug demand and drug supply within the EU. The Strategy is implemented through two Action Plans, for the periods 2013-2016 and 2017-2020. This study assesses the EU Drugs Strategy 2013-2020 and the EU Action Plan on Drugs 2017-2020 by looking at the effectiveness, efficiency, relevance, coherence and EU added value of the actions undertaken on the basis of the Strategy and the Action Plan. This study provides evidence to support the Commission’s evaluation of the Strategy and Action Plan, with a view to proposing a new strategic document on drugs. It provides findings, conclusions and recommendations, in light of new and emerging challenges at national, EU and international level in the area of drugs. The key recommendation for the Commission is that it should adopt a new strategic document on drugs and corresponding operational document. This strategic document should have concrete and clear priorities, and further integrate drug-related security threats and trends with health, environmental, social, political and international aspects.
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  • 17.
    book.ebook
    Europeiska unionen [er] : fakta och siffror. Council of the European Union. General Secretariat of the Council.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2020.
    Summary
    Hur många invånare har Italien? Hur ser det politiska systemet ut i Litauen? Och vad heter Cyperns huvudstad? Svaren på de här frågorna och många andra hittar du i den uppdaterade versionen av ”Europeiska unionen – Fakta och siffror”. Broschyren har ett litet, praktiskt format och innehåller väsentlig information om Europeiska unionen, dess institutioner, medlemsstater och kandidatländer. Den innehåller uppgifter om officiella språk, adresser till regeringarnas webbplatser och annan användbar information om varje land. Skriften är tillgänglig på 24 EU-språk.
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  • 18.
    book.ebook
    Evropska unija [er] : dejstva in številke. Council of the European Union. General Secretariat of the Council.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2020.
    Summary
    Koliko ljudi živi v Italiji? Kakšen je politični sistem v Litvi? Kako se imenuje glavno mesto Cipra? Odgovore na ta in še vrsto drugih vprašanj poiščite v posodobljeni brošuri „Evropska unija – podatki in številke“. V tej brošuri priročnega majhnega formata so bistvene informacije o Evropski uniji, njenih institucijah, državah članicah in državah kandidatkah. Vsebuje podatke o uradnih jezikih, povezave na spletna mesta vlad in druge uporabne informacije o posamezni državi. Na voljo je v 24 uradnih jezikih EU.
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  • 19.
    book.ebook
    Európska únia [er] : fakty a čísla. Council of the European Union. General Secretariat of the Council.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2020.
    Summary
    Koľko ľudí žije v Taliansku? Aký politický systém je v Litve? Ako sa nazýva hlavné mesto Cypru? Odpovede na tieto a mnohé ďalšie otázky nájdete v aktualizovanej verzii brožúry Európska únia – fakty a čísla. Táto brožúra má praktický malý formát a poskytuje základné informácie o Európskej únii, jej inštitúciách, členských štátoch a kandidátskych krajinách. Obsahuje fakty o úradných jazykoch a webových stránkach jednotlivých vlád a iné užitočné údaje o každej krajine. Brožúra je k dispozícii v 24 jazykoch EÚ.
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  • 20.
    book.ebook
    Uniunea Europeană [er] : date și cifre. Council of the European Union. General Secretariat of the Council.
    Publication
    Luxembourg : Publications Office, 2020.
    Summary
    Câte persoane locuiesc în Italia? Care este sistemul politic din Lituania? Și cum se numește capitala Ciprului? Aflați răspunsurile la aceste întrebări și multe altele în versiunea actualizată a broșurii „Uniunea Europeană în date și cifre”. Această broșură este în format mic, practic și oferă informații esențiale despre Uniunea Europeană și instituțiile sale, precum și despre statele membre și țările candidate. Conține date despre limbile oficiale, site-urile guvernelor și alte date utile despre fiecare țară. Publicația este disponibilă în 24 de limbi ale UE.
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